Production of undercut tiles.



PATENTED FEB. I4, 1905.

W. H. GAMMEYER. PRODUCTION 0F NDERCUT TILES.

APPLICATION FILED AUG. 10, 1904.

2 sHEBTs-sHEET 1.

u o o I., S

fram/@502' L /o .5

No. 782,433. PATENTBD FEB. 141, 1905.

W. H. CAMMBYBR. PRODUCTION 0F UNDERGU'I TILES.

APPLIUATION FILED 11116.10. 1904.v

' 2 SHEETS-SHEET z.

- if/w55@ E Il M m UNITED STATES ATENT Patented February 14, 1905.

Farce.

PRODUCTION OF UNDERCUT TILES.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 782,483, dated February14, 1905.

Application'iiled August v10, 1904. Serial No. 220,266.

`To all whom it may cancers/1,.-

Be it known that I, WILLIAM H. CAMMEYER, a citizen of theUnited States,and a resident of Montville, Morris county, New Jersey, (whosepost-ofice address is Montville, Morris county, New Jersey,) haveinvented a new and useful Improvement in the Production of UndercutTiles, which is fully set forth in the following specification.

My invention relates to the production of undercut tiles; and itconsists in the apparatus and arrangement hereinafter set forth and inthe manner of using the same.

The invention consists, broadly, in subjecting one or more moldscontaining suitable composition to the successive action of a number ofrollers which produce the under-A cut and in details to be set forth andclaimed. The invention will best be understood by reference to theaccompanying drawings, that illustrate one embodiment thereof.4

In the drawings, Figure 1 is a side view `representing an endless chaincarrying the a preferred form of mold in section, taken through linesIII III and II Ia III, respectively, of Fig. 4. Fig'. L is a pian viewof the same.

Figs. 5, 6, and 7 illustrate details of modili` cations; and Figs. 8 and9 are transverse sections of different forms of tile.

An endless chain A is caused to travel around drums B B in the directionindicated by the arrow by any convenient mechanism.

A plurality of molds C is attached to this end.

less chain, beinghinged at their forward ends. The travel of the endlesschain carries these molds, with their contents, beneath the rollers,

f and at the end of the travel when each mold has passed all the rollersand reaches the i tied mold pas-ses beneath the apparatus, hangingdownward until its return to position at the other end of the course,when it is again iilled with material, as from a spout E. The mold C,here shown as a regular heXagon, is provided with a sharp ridge orknife-edge c, extending all round its periphery, except at the portionsC C, where it is -broken away, as seen; but the portions C C arealso`constructed with knife-edges d.

The roller F, that forms the undercut, is preferably shaped and mountedas shown in broken lines in Fig. 3, comprising a plurality offrusto-conical portions. Its shaft Fl is inclined at an angle, so thatthe lowerside of its shoulder fv shall be horizontal, while the adjacentshoulder f shall be inclined to the horizon at an angle'less than aright angle, so as to outline the side of the undercut in the tile.' Thelower face f of the head of roller F is likewise by preference presentedis a horizontal position, as seen in the drawings. In practice therewill be one of these rollers on each side, either both in the same plane(transversely 'to the endless chain) or one roller slightly in advanceof the other. As the mold containing the material is passed underneaththe rollers F each roller would outline an undercut. However, inpractice I prefer first to pass the mold under a roller G, carrying aiiange g, which is just wide enough and deep enough to outline thevertical portion of the seat inl the tile. Immediately after .leavingthe roller Gr the mold and its contents may be passed under the inclinedrollers F, which will then produce the cross-section or undercutportions in the tile. However, in practice I find it desirable to causea succession of rollers H I J K L to pass over the material of the tileto prevent it from iiowing or creeping back from the position into whichit has been forced by the forming-rollers Gr and F.

Instead of having a roller F to produce a single undercut I may providerollers, as M, having a plurality "of iianges Ml to produce a pluralityof undercuts m', or there may be one ormore annular recesses on theroller, as M", to produce one or more inclined ridges m" on the tile.Again, instead of having each roller Aroo made unitary there may be asmaller head N, rigid on the driving-shaft N and carrying a separateshoulder-piece n, which is driven solely by its friction upon the shaft.All of these rollers are driven so that their bottoms revolve in thesame direction that the molds travel, so that the action of each rolleron the material of the tile serves to squeeze it downward. The result ofthis continuous squeezing action of the successive rollers is to producea tempered and case-hardened tile and to produce an undercut tile havingits undercut portion and its adjacent face thus case-hardened.

If preferred, instead of driving the rollers positively they may becaused to revolve by the passing beneath them of the material in themolds, which produces the same results, or instead of driving theendless chain A- by positive mechanism the revolution of the rollers maybe relied on (like rollers in a rollingmill) to draw the molds through.

Instead of rollers F presented at an angle I may employ rollers at thelower end of vertical shafts, frusto-conical in shape, to produce thelundercut. (See Fig. 2b.) A single roll'er whose diametricalcross-section outlines' the cross-section ofthe undercut substantiallysufces to embody the spirit of my invention; but it is better to employonly such roller for each side of the undercut, the roller revolving inthe same direction as the m'oldwith its contents, but, better still, aplurality of such rollers on each side.

I do not limit myself to the 'precise construction and arrangementsshownor to the employment of all the rollers set forth. The spirit of myinvention consists in producing an undercut in the tile by means of thesqueezing action of the rollers, also in thus case-hardening the tiles,also in presenting a plurality of molds to the successive action ofthese rollers, as by an endless chain, and also in the manner of illingthe molds and emptying the same after the tile has been completed.

Parts of the invention may be used to the exclusion of other partswithout departing from the spirit of the invention.

Having thus described my invention, I claimd 1. In tile-makingapparatus, the combination of a suitable mold having two seats in itswall, one on each side thereof, a plurality of rollers adapted to passthrough said seats, and l 3. In a tile-forming apparatus, an endlesschain, a mold hinged thereto at its forward end, and one or more rollersunder which said mold passes to compress the tile within said mold.

4. In a tile-forming apparatus, an endless chain passing in a horizontaldirection around twodrums, a plurality of molds hinged thereto at theirforward ends, a plurality of rollers under which said molds travel toproduce the tile therein, and located in front of the forward drum asuitable ledge or stop against which the free end of said mold impinges.

5. The herein-described roller for producing an undercut in a tile, thesame having one revoluble surface presented at less than a right angleto the horizon and another revoluble surface presented horizontally.

6. A tile-forming apparatus comprising the combination of a suitablemold having two oppositely-located seats or embrasures, a rollerpresenting a revoluble surface horizontally and another revolublesurface atan angle, and means for causing relative movement of saidroller through said seats.

7. yA tile-forming apparatus comprising a plurality of molds each havingtwo oppositelydisposed seats or embrasures and provided with aknife-edge around its periphery, in combination with a series of rollersadapted to pass successively through said seats, the said rollerscomprising a cylindrical roll adapted to contact with the main portionof the top of said molds and having an annular flange adapted to passthrough the seats of said molds, and an inclined roller having arevoluble surface presented horizontally and another revoluble surfacepresented at an angle and adapted to outline an undercut in the tile.

8. The process of producing an undercut in a tile, which consists of asuccession of steps of squeezing the material downward and forward Whileforcing it into the proper shape, substantially as described.

9. The process of producing an undercut in a tile which consists offirst forming a straig htsided groove in the upper face of the material,and then widening said groove at its lower portion while making itnarrower at its top, substantially as described.

10. The herein-described roller for producing an undercut intiles, thesame comprising a plurality of frusto-conical portions.

In testimony whereof I have signed this specification in the presence oftwo subscribing Witnesses.

WILLIAM H. CAMMEYER.

Witnesses:

C. A. L. MAssIE, R. L. SCOTT.

IOO

IIO

